When to plant
Direct sow German chamomile in early spring — needs light to germinate (press seeds onto soil surface, don't cover). Also sow in fall for spring germination. Easy and fast-growing; blooms 6–8 weeks after germination. Self-seeds so readily it often becomes self-sustaining in the garden.
Soil & site
Chamomile prefers poor to average, well-drained soil. pH 5.6–7.5. Overly rich soil produces lots of foliage but fewer flowers. German chamomile (annual) grows quickly from seed direct-sown in open ground. Roman chamomile (perennial) spreads by creeping stems.
Feeding
Barely any fertilizer needed. In fertile soil, plants may become too leafy and produce fewer flowers. Top-dress with compost if plants look stressed, but otherwise leave them unfed.
Common problems
Aphids in early growth. Powdery mildew in late summer (usually after harvest season). Otherwise very trouble-free. German chamomile self-sows prolifically — it will naturalize and reappear without replanting in most gardens.
When to harvest
Flowers are ready when the white ray petals begin to bend backward toward the stem (reflex). At full horizontal petal position, the center yellow dome is firm — this is optimal. Once petals fully curve back and the dome starts to elongate or discolor, harvest immediately or miss the window. Pick in late morning after dew dries.
How to harvest
Pinch individual flowers between your thumb and forefinger and pull firmly. A specialized chamomile rake (a comb-like tool) speeds harvest on large plantings. Harvest every 3–5 days during the bloom period — plants produce continuously. Dry flowers in a single layer on screens or in a dehydrator at 95–105°F until completely dry and crumbling.
Storage & use
Dried flowers store in an airtight jar away from light and heat for up to 1 year (potency fades over time). Use for herbal teas, tinctures, or skin preparations. German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) is the medicinal species. Teas brewed too strong can be bitter — steep 1–2 tsp per cup for 5 minutes.
Companion planting
Chamomile is the "physician of the garden" — it improves the health and flavor of nearby plants.
Useful for growing chamomile
A few things that make this one easier — chosen for this plant, not a generic list.
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