When to plant
Direct sow in spring or fall. Perennial in zones 4–9. Self-seeds prolifically if flowers are not removed. Grows very tall (4–6 feet). Excellent at the back of a border or as a screening plant. One of the most traditional medicinal garden plants of European herbal medicine.
Soil & site
Moist, fertile, well-drained soil. pH 5.5–7.0. Work in generous compost. Valerian likes consistently moist soil and can tolerate partial shade. It grows large — site it where the tall foliage will not shade shorter plants.
Feeding
Moderate feeder. A balanced fertilizer or compost in spring when growth begins. Side-dress with compost in midsummer. Consistent moisture and nutrition produce the largest, most potent roots.
Common problems
Aphids, thrips. Cats are strongly attracted to valerian root (similar to catnip effect) — protect drying roots from cats. Self-seeds aggressively — deadhead after flowering if you do not want it to spread. Powdery mildew in late summer.
When to harvest
Roots are the primary harvest, dug in fall of year 2 or 3 when they are at their most potent. The root should be large and robust (carrot-sized or larger). Flowers can be harvested when in full bloom (the smell is controversial — sweet to some, unpleasant to others). Leaves can be harvested during the growing season.
How to harvest
Dig roots in fall with a garden fork after the foliage has died back. Wash thoroughly. Chop into 1-inch pieces and dry at 95–115 degrees F until brittle throughout. Flowers: cut entire flower clusters. The distinctive smell intensifies when the roots are dried — this is normal and expected.
Storage & use
Dried root pieces or powder: store in an airtight jar for 1 year. Used as a traditional herbal sleep aid and nervine. Make tinctures, capsules, or tea. Avoid use with alcohol or sedative medications. The dried root smell (valeric acid) is strong and polarizing — store sealed.
Useful for growing valerian
A few things that make this one easier — chosen for this plant, not a generic list.
Some links on this page are affiliate links. If you buy through one we may earn a small commission, at no extra cost to you. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. More.
Growing Valerian this season?
Sprout Together plans your beds, tracks planting and harvest timing for your area, and keeps every guide in your pocket — free.
Get it on the App Store